Unix Workshops:Network Programs

Network
ifconfig - information about the networking phases of the machine.

em0 is an intel device with an external ip address

em1 is an intel device with an internal ip address

lo0 is the loop-back, it's the interface to the local machine

(for address) - will sometimes show some extra address data

will bring it down, (run as root ("sudo"))

will show open connections to the Internet

Column 1: connection type

Column 2:

Column 3: port

Column 4: host or ip (local address) Buffer for incoming packets

Column 5: host or ip (foreign address) Buffer for outgoing packets

Column 6: State

use "-n" option: to read ip addresses instead of host names

- sockets within the kernel itself. This represents the memory used to communicate between programs.

Programs
"portmaster" is a port management tool. It will install, update and uninstall ports for you, and will compile them for you. You won't need to build the program yourself. You will need to supply a category and package name (e.g. "/irc/english/irssi").

pkg_add -r $packageName will download (-r) a compiled program for you.


 * "pkg_info" - display information about packages
 * "pkg_delete" - delete installed packages

"whereis" will locate an installed program on your machine

FreeBSD Versions
Get a specific version with "svnup". portmaster net/svnup to install it. cd /usr/src - go to the source of the system svn checkout svn://svn.freebsd.org... - get the source for the OS and put it into the working directory

svnup -b base/release/9.1.0 -h svn://svn.freebsd.org.... additional arguments: "-b" - build, "-h" host

FreeBSD hold all the versions for working environments where:


 * "head" - Active development
 * "release" - Stable version
 * "stable" - Full version releases
 * "releng" - Last release updates

make buildkernel - build the kernel (you can configure your kernel that way, you can end up with a much smaller kernel if you don't include most of the default stuff)